Mahatma Gandhi Biography, Family, Fact, and movements महात्मा गांधी की जीवनी तथ्य परिवार एवं आंदोलन
Mahatma Gandhi's life and methods of struggle impact people now also. As we know that the greatness of a man is realised when his life influences people to change for the better, And so was Mahatma Gandhi's life. After decades of his death, on reading about him, people drastically changed their lives for the better. Let's have a look at Mahatma Gandhi's life, movements, famous quotations written by him, etc.
Childhood and Family
The real name of Mahatma Gandhi is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
- He was born in Porbandar on the 2nd of October, in 1869.
- His parents were Karamchand Gandhi and Putlibai. The former was the Chief Minister of Porbandar at the time.
- Since child marriage was quite prevalent in that era, Mohandas Gandhi’s marriage was also planned around the time he was 13 years old.
- He was married to Kastur Kapadia, who later changed her name to Kasturba Gandhi after the marriage. They were married in the year 1883. Kasturba was 14 years old then.
- Even after marriage, Kasturba continued to stay with her parents at her own home. Kasturba Gandhi, too, was politically active through her life and focused on attaining civil rights for everyone.
- Mohandas Gandhi and Kasturba Gandhi had 4 children. All of them were boys. Their names were Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas and Devdas.
- In 1885, Gandhi-ji and Kasturba had their first baby, which did not survive and passed away just a few days after birth. In the same year, Karamchand Gandhi passed away as well, leaving Mohandas fatherless.
- As wonderful as he might seem today, Mohandas Gandhi was a weak student in school. He found the subject of Geography too difficult to understand. However, he loved reading Hindu scriptures and began to idolise Raja Harishchandra, the king who would always tell the truth.
Early Life and Education
Indian nationalist leader Gandhi (born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi) was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Kathiawar, India, which was then part of the British Empire.
Gandhi’s father, Karamchand Gandhi, served as a chief minister in Porbandar and other states in western India. His mother, Putlibai, was a deeply religious woman who fasted regularly.
Young Gandhi was a shy, unremarkable student who was so timid that he slept with the lights on even as a teenager. In the ensuing years, the teenager rebelled by smoking, eating meat and stealing change from household servants.
Although Gandhi was interested in becoming a doctor, his father hoped he would also become a government minister and steered him to enter the legal profession. In 1888, 18-year-old Gandhi sailed for London, England, to study law. The young Indian struggled with the transition to Western culture.
Upon returning to India in 1891, Gandhi learned that his mother had died just weeks earlier. He struggled to gain his footing as a lawyer. In his first courtroom case, a nervous Gandhi blanked when the time came to cross-examine a witness. He immediately fled the courtroom after reimbursing his client for his legal fees
Mahatma Gandhi: Role in Indian Independence Movement
In 1915, Gandhiji returned to India permanently and joined the Indian National Congress with Gopal Krishna Gokhale as his mentor.
Gandhi's first major achievement was in 1918 when he led the Champaran and Kheda agitations of Bihar and Gujarat. He also led Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, Swaraj, and Quit-India movement against the British government
Mahatma Gandhi Satyagrah
Gandhi identified his overall method of non-violent action as Satyagraha. Gandhiji's Satyagraha influenced eminent personalities such as Nelson Mandela and Martin Luther in their struggle for freedom, equality, and social justice. Mahatma Gandhi's Satyagraha was based on true principles and non-violence.
"Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever." - Mahatma Gandhi
Work in South Africa
- After completing his initial education, Gandhi made his way to London in order to study law. His aim was to become a barrister, which was also what his family wanted for him.
- He studied law in the University College of London in the year 1888. After that, he returned back to India, making attempts to start his own law practice.
- When those attempts did not bear any fruit, he decided to take up a job with a law firm. That job is what brought him to South Africa.
- In that period, South Africa was facing a lot of discrimination along the lines of race and colour. Gandhi, hailing from India, also had a dark coloured skin.
- While riding a bus that was filled completely, a white man asked Gandhi to vacate the seat he was sitting in, just because he had a dark coloured skin. Gandhi refused to do so and, as a result, he was thrown out of the bus.
- Along with that incident, there were various instances where Gandhi was refused a room in the hotels of South Africa as well as ordered to remove his turban by a court magistrate as well.
- All of these moments inspired him to fight for equality and develop political ideas that could help people
Mahatma Gandhi’s Death
- After India’s partition came into effect, the nation split into India and Pakistan.
- Many people began to detest the policies of Gandhi. Nathuram Godse was a Hindu nationalist, who had a strong hatred for Gandhi.
- As a result, he fired three bullets at Gandhi on 30th January 1948 at around 5.17pm and assassinated him.
- The title of “Mahatma” was bestowed on Gandhiji and a large funeral was arranged for him. More than 20 lakh people attended the funeral to bid goodbye to the father of our nation.
When describing Mahatma Gandhi’s history for kids, understanding the timeline of events that made him the person that he is and motivated him to fight against the British rule is extremely important. The principle of Satyagraha is at the core of his life and helping your kids understand the necessity of truth, honesty and non-violence is quite essential as well.
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